[5] Title: Growth Factors Levels Determine Efficacy of Platelets Rich Plasma Injection in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Double Blind Noninferiority Trial Compared With Viscosupplementation.

Authors: Louis, M. L., Magalon, J., Jouve, E., Bornet, C. E., Mattei, J. C., Chagnaud, C., Rochwerger, A., Veran, J., & Sabatier, F.

Published: 2018

Conclusion: Current results indicated that a single injection of very pure PRP offers a significant clinical improvement in the management of knee osteoarthritis, equivalent to a single HA injection in this patient population. Moreover, a significant correlation between the doses of TGF-β1 and PDGFAB and the worsening of WOMAC score 3 months after the procedure was found.

[6] Title: Clinical and MRI Outcomes after Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis.

Authors: Halpern B , Chaudhury S, Rodeo SA, Hayter C, Bogner E, Potter HG, Nguyen J.

Published: 2013

Conclusion: Abstract only

[8] Title: Effect of Leukocyte Concentration on the Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis.

Authors: Jonathan C. Riboh, MD, Bryan M. Saltzman,  MD, Adam B. Yanke,  MD, Lisa Fortier, DVM, PhD, and Brian J. Cole, MD, MBA

Published: 2016

Conclusion: LP-PRP results in improved functional outcome scores compared with hyaluronic acid and placebo when used for treatment of knee osteoarthritis. LP-PRP and LR-PRP have similar safety profiles, although both induce more transient reactions than does hyaluronic acid. Adverse reactions to PRP may not be directly related to leukocyte concentration.

[9] Title: Comparative effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma injections for treating knee joint cartilage degenerative pathology: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Authors: Chang, K. V., Hung, C. Y., Aliwarga, F., Wang, T. G., Han, D. S., & Chen, W. S.

Published: 2014

Conclusion: PRP application improves function from basal evaluations in patients with knee joint cartilage degenerative pathology and tends to be more effective than HA administration. Discrepancy in the degenerative severity modifies the treatment responses, leading to participants with lower degrees of degeneration benefiting more from PRP injections.

[10] Title: Multiple PRP Injections Are More Effective than Single Injections and Hyaluronic Acid in Knees with Early Osteoarthritis: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Authors: Gokay Gormeli, Cemile Ayse Gormeli, Baybars Ataoglu, Cemil Colak, Okan Aslantiirk, Kadir Ertem

Published: 2015

Conclusion: The clinical results indicate that IA PRP and HA treatment is suggested for all stages of knee OA. For patients with early OA, multiple (3) PRP injections are useful in achiev­ing better clinical results. For patients with advanced OA, multiple injections are unnecessary and do not significantly affect patient knee scores.

[12] Title: Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Hyaluronic Acid for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Authors: Belk, J. W., Kraeutler, M. J., Houck, D. A., Goodrich, J. A., Dragoo, J. L., & Mccarty, E. C.

Published: 2020

Conclusion: Patients undergoing treatment for knee OA with PRP can be expected to experience improved clinical outcomes when compared with HA. Additionally, leukocyte-poor PRP may be a superior line of treatment for knee OA over leukocyterich PRP, although further studies are needed that directly compare leukocyte content in PRP injections for treatment of knee OA

[13] Title: Short-Term Outcomes of Percutaneous Trephination with a Platelet Rich Plasma Intrameniscal Injection for the Repair of Degenerative Meniscal Lesions. A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Authors: Kaminski, R., Maksymowicz-Wleklik, M., Kulinski, K., Kozar-Kaminska, K., Dabrowska-Thing, A., & Pomianowski, S.

Published: 2019

Conclusion: Our blinded, prospective, randomized, controlled trial on the role of PRP and percutaneous trephination of the chronically torn meniscal tissue indicates that percutaneous trephination of the meniscal tissue is an effective technique improving meniscal integrity as well as PROMs. The augmentation of this technique with PRP results in a significant improvement in the rate of meniscal healing (52% vs. 30%, P = 0.04). Importantly, this simple procedure seems to decrease the necessity for arthroscopy in the future (8% vs. 28%, P = 0.032). This study showed that PRP augmentation could provide significant and clinically important benefits. Further studies in this field are encouraged. The risk of adverse events related to percutaneous trephination with augmentation with PRP is very low.

[14] Title: Platelet‑Rich Plasma Shows Beneficial Effects for Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis by Suppressing Inflammatory Factors.

Authors: Guilin Huang, Sha Hua, Tuanmin Yang, Jianbing Ma, Wenxing Yu and XiujinChen

Published: 2018

Conclusion: In conclusion, the present findings indicate that PRP treatment for patients with knee osteoarthritis had beneficial effects in regulating inflammatory factors, and alleviating joint inflammation, cartilage destruction and bone damage.

[32] Title: Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections as a Treatment for Refractory Patellar Tendinosis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Trials.

Authors: Dupley, L., & Charalambous, C. P.

Published: 2017

Conclusion: There is a paucity of RCTs evaluating the role of PRP in PT. Our results suggest that, based on limited evidence, PRP is superior over other established non-surgical treatments (dry needling and ESWT) for refractory PT. Larger RCTs may allow better characterisation of the role of PRP in this condition.

More publications:

Title: Intra-Articular Autologous Conditioned Plasma Injections Provide Safe and Efficacious Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis.

Author: Patrick A. Smith, MD

Published: 2016

Conclusion: ACP is safe and provides quantifiable benefits for pain relief and functional improvement with regard to knee OA. No adverse events were reported for ACP administration. After 1 year, WOMAC scores for the ACP subjects had improved by 78% from their baseline score, whereas scores for the placebo control group had improved by only 7%. Other joints affected with OA may also benefit from this treatment.

Title: Treating Severe Knee Osteoarthritis with Combination of Intra-Osseous and Intra-Articular Infiltrations of Platelet-Rich Plasma: An Observational Study.

Authors: Mikel Sánchez, Diego Delgado, Orlando Pompei, Juan Carlos Pérez, Pello Sánchez, Ane Garate, Ane Miren Bilbao, Nicolás Fiz, and Sabino Padilla

Published: 2019

Conclusion: PRP intra-articular injections in severe KOA were not effective and did not provide any benefit. Combination of intra-articular and intra-osseous infiltrations of PRP was not clinically superior at 2 months, but it showed superior clinical outcomes at 6 and 12 months when compared with intra-articular injections of PRP.

Title: Current Concepts in Intraosseous Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections for Knee Osteoarthritis

Authors: Diego Delgado, Ane Garate, Hunter Vincent, Ane Miren Bilbao, Rikin Patel, Nicolas Fiz, Steve Sampson, Mikel Sanchez

Published: 2018

Conclusion: Despite advances in our understanding of OA, no treatment is definitive apart from total knee arthroplasty. However, arthroplasty is a less desirable option for younger, active patients because of associated surgical risks and complications. PRP is a promising, minimally invasive therapeutic tool, however both the cellular composition and route of administration are important in its clinical efficacy. The combination of intraarticular application with intraosseous infiltration targets cartilage, the synovial membrane as well as subchondral bone, all key tissues in the development of osteoarthritis. Acting on the biological processes of these structures could delay or even stop disease progression.

[11] Title: Medium-Term Outcomes of Mosaicplasty Versus Arthroscopic Microfracture with or without Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus.

Authors: Guney A, Yurdakul E, Karaman I, Bilal O, Kafadar IH, Oner M

Published: 2016

Conclusion: All the three treatment modalities resulted in good medium-term functional results. However, mosaicplasty procedure seems to be a promising option and it might be preferred particularly in patients where pain control is important.

[19] Title: Platelet Rich Plasma in Accelerated Achilles Tendon Regeneration: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Authors: J Alsousou, R Handley, P Hulley, M Thompson, E McNally, P Harrison, K Willett

Published: 2018

Conclusion: Our preliminary findings show that PRP application in Achilles tendon rupture may lead to faster regeneration and return to function as supported by a combination of objective and subjective outcome measures.

[24] Title: Effect of High-Volume Injection, Platelet-Rich Plasma, and Sham Treatment in Chronic Midportion Achilles Tendinopathy: A Randomized Double-Blinded Prospective Study.

Authors: Anders Ploug Boesen, MD, PhD, Rudi Hansen, PT, MSc, Morten llum Boesen, MD, PhD, Peter Malliaras, BPhysio (Hons), PhD, and Henning Langberg, DrMed, PhD, DMSc

Published: 2017

Conclusion: Treatment with HVI or PRP in combination with eccentric training in chronic AT seems more effective in reducing pain, improving activity level, and reducing tendon thickness and intratendinous vascularity than eccentric training alone. HVI may be more effective in improving outcomes of chronic AT than PRP in the short term.

[31] Title: Beneficial Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma on improvement of Pain Severity and physical disability in patients with plantar fasciitis: A randomized trial. Advanced Biomedical Research, 5. doi:10.4103/2277-9175.192731:

Authors: Vahdatpour, B., Kianimehr, L., Moradi, A., & Haghighat, S.

Published: 2016

Conclusion: Administration of PRP leads to significant improvement in pain severity and physical limitation in patients with plantar fasciitis. This healing effect may be begun at least 3 months after injection.

More publications:

Title: Clinical Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Hyaluronic Acid as an Additional Therapy for Talar Osteochondral Lesions Treated with Microfracture Surgery.

Authors: Görmeli G, Karakaplan M, Görmeli CA, Sarıkaya B, Elmalı N, Ersoy Y

Published: 2015

Conclusion: Both PRP and HA injections improved the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent operation for talar OCLs in the midterm period and can be used as adjunct therapies for these patients. Because a single dose of PRP provided better results, we recommend PRP as the primary adjunct treatment option in the talar OCL postoperative period.

Title: Effectiveness of a Single Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection to Promote Recovery in Rugby Players with Ankle Syndesmosis Injury.

Authors: David J Samra, Amy D Sman, Katherine Rae, James Linklater, Kathryn M Refshauge, Claire E Hiller

Published: 2015

Conclusion: This pilot study shows that, following ankle syndesmosis injury, a single autologous PRP injection may accelerate safe and successful return to Rugby Union, with improved functional capacity and reduced fear avoidance. It demonstrates the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial to further assess this therapy.

[20] Title: Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Acetabular Labral Tear of the Hip: A Pilot Study.

Authors: Arthur Jason DeLuigi, DO, MHSA, Daniel Blatz, MD, Christopher Karam, MD,  Zachary Gustin, MD, and Andrew H. Gordon, MD, PhD 

Published: 2019

Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided injection of platelet-rich plasma holds promise as an emerging, minimally invasive technique toward symptom  relief, reducing pain, and improving function in patients with hip labral tears. 

[26] Title: The Use of Ultrasound-Guided Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections in the Treatment of Hip Osteoarthritis: a Systematic Review of the Literature.

Authors: Mohammed Ali, Ahmed Mohamed, Hussam Elamin Ahmed, Ajay Malviya, Ismael Atchia

Published: 2018

Conclusion: Literature to date concludes that intra-articular platelet-rich plasma injections of the hip, performed under ultrasound guidance to treat hip osteoarthritis, are well tolerated and potentially efficacious in delivering long-term and clinically significant pain reduction and functional improvement in patients with hip osteoarthritis. Larger future trials including a placebo group are required to further evaluate these promising results.

[27] Title: Ultrasound-Guided Platelet-Rich Plasma Application Versus Corticosteroid Injections for the Treatment of Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome: A Prospective Controlled Randomized Comparative Clinical Study.

Authors: Dimitrios Begkas, Stamatios-Theodoros Chatzopoulos, Panagiotis Touzopoulos, Alexia Balanika, Alexandros Pastroudis

Published: 2020

Conclusion: In conclusion, patients with GTPS present better and longer-lasting clinical results when treated with US-guided PRP injections compared to those with CSI. Further studies are needed to optimize the technical preparation of PRP, the sample concentration, the number of injections and the time intervals between them, in order to achieve the maximum desired results.

[28] Title: Ultrasound-Guided Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Hyaluronic Acid, Separately and in Combination, for Hip Osteoarthritis.

Authors: Dante Dallari, MD, Cesare Stagni, MD, Nicola Rani, MD, Giacomo Sabbioni, MD, Patrizia Pelotti, MD, Paola Torricelli, BSc, Matilde Tschon, PhD, and Gianluca Giavaresi, MD

Published: 2016

Conclusion: Results indicated that intra-articular PRP injections offer a significant clinical improvement in patients with hip OA without relevant side effects. The benefit was significantly more stable up to 12 months as compared with the other tested treat­ments. The addition of PRP+HA did not lead to a significant improvement in pain symptoms.

[30] Title: Leukocyte-Rich Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment of Gluteus Medius and Minimus Tendinopathy: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial with 2-Year Follow-Up.

Authors: Jane Fitzpatrick, PhD, MBBS, FACSEP, Max K. Bulsara, PhD, John O'Donnell, FRACS, MBBS, and Ming Hao Zheng PhD, OM, FRCPath, FRCPA

Published: 2019

Conclusion: Among patients with chronic gluteal tendinopathy and a length of symptoms >15 months, a single intratendinous LR-PRP injection performed under ultrasound guidance results in greater improvement in pain and function than a single CSI. The improvement after LR-PRP injection is sustained at 2 years, whereas the improvement from a CSI is maximal at 6 weeks and not maintained beyond 24 weeks.

[33] Title: Ultrasound-Guided Intratendinous Injections With Platelet-Rich Plasma or Autologous Whole Blood for Treatment of Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathy.

Authors: Davenport, K. L., Campos, J. S., Nguyen, J., Saboeiro, G., Adler, R. S., & Moley, P. J.

Published: 2015

Conclusion: Both PRP and WB groups showed improvements in all outcome measures at 6 months. The PRP group showed significant improvements in 6-month ADL and IHOT-33 scores. The WB group reached significance in 15-minute sitting pain. No significant between-group differences were observed at any time point.

[34] Title: Platelet-Rich Plasma Shortens Return to Play in National Football League Players with Acute Hamstring Injuries. The Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 8(4). doi:10.1177/2325967120911731

Authors: Bradley, J., MD, Lawyer, T., MD, Ruef, S., MA, Towers, J., MD, & Arner, J., MD.

Published: 2020

Conclusion: Augmentation with PRP injections for acute grade 2 hamstring injuries in NFL players showed no significant difference in days missed or time to return to practice but did allow for faster return to play, with a 1 game overall difference. Owing to the possible large financial impact of returning to play 1 game sooner, PRP injections for treatment of grade 2 hamstring injuries may be advantageous in professional athletes.

More publications:

Title: The Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome: a Systematic Literature Review.

Authors: Mohammed Ali, Eshan Oderuth, Ismael Atchia and Ajay Malviya

Published: 2018

Conclusion: In most of the studies improvements were observed during the first 3 months after injection. Significant improvements were reported when patients were followed up to 12 months post treatment. There are, however, conflicting results between the randomized studies as to whether PRP is superior to corticosteroid. Furthermore, the use of different PRP systems, concentrations and volumes provides heterogeneity when trying to provide comparisons. Varying outcome measures were used to assess pain and functional outcomes with short follow-up and small sample sizes. Considering these factors, PRP seems a viable alternative treatment with the current evidence in patients with GTPS refractory to conservative measures.

[17] Title: Lumbar Intradiskal Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Injections: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Study.

Authors: Yetsa A. Tuakli-Wosornu, MD, MPH, Alon Terry, MD, Kwadwo Boachie-Adjei, BS, CPH, Julian R. Harrison, BS, Caitlin K. Gribbin, BA, Elizabeth E. LaSalle, BS, Joseph T. Nguyen, MPH, Jennifer L. Solomon, MD, Gregory E. Lutz, MD

Published: 2016

Conclusion: Participants who received intradiskal PRP showed significant improvements in FRI, NRS Best Pain, and NASS patient satisfaction scores over 8 weeks compared with controls. Those who received PRP maintained significant improvements in FRI scores through at least 1 year of follow-up. Although these results are promising, further studies are needed to define the subset of participants most likely to respond to biologic intradiskal treatment and the ideal cellular characteristics of the intradiskal PRP injectate.

[23] Title: A Prospective Study Comparing Platelet-Rich Plasma and Local Anesthetic (LA)/Corticosteroid in Intra-Articular Injection for the Treatment of Lumbar Facet Joint Syndrome.

Authors: Jiuping Wu, MSc, Jingjing Zhou, MSc, Chibing Liu, MSc, Jun Zhang, MSc, Wei Xiong, MSc, Yang Lv, MSc, Rui Liu, MSc, Ruiqiang Wang, MSc, Zhenwu Du, MD, PhD, Guizhen Zhang, MD, PhD, Qinyi Liu, MD, PhD

Published: 2017

Conclusion: Both autologous PRP and LA/corticosteroid for intra-articular injection are effective, easy, and safe enough in the treatment of lumbar facet joint syndrome. However, autologous PRP is a superior treatment option for longer duration efficacy.

[29] Title: Steroid vs. Platelet-Rich Plasma in Ultrasound-Guided Sacroiliac Joint Injection for Chronic Low Back Pain.

Authors: Singla V, Batra YK , Bharti N, Goni VG, Marwaha N

Published: 2017

Conclusion: The intra-articular PRP injection is an effective treatment modality in low back pain involving SIJ.

[1] Title: Treatment of Chronic Elbow Tendinosis with Buffered Platelet Rich Plasma.

Authors: Allan Mishra, MD, and Terri Pavelko, PAC, PT

Published: 2006

Conclusion: Treatment of patients with chronic elbow tendinosis with buffered platelet-rich plasma reduced pain significantly in this pilot investigation. Further evaluation of this novel treatment is warranted. Finally, platelet-rich plasma should be considered before surgical intervention.

[15] Title: Sodium Hyaluronate and Platelet-Rich Plasma for Partial Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears.

Authors: Yu Cai, Zhenxing Sun, Bokai Liao, Zhanqiang Song, Ting Xiao, Pengfei Zhu

Published: 2018

Conclusion: Our study provided evidence of the efficacy of PRP injection in the healing of small to medium PTRCT. Moreover, the combined injection of SH and PRP yielded a better clinical outcome than SH or PRP alone.

[16] Title: Comparison of the Effectiveness of Platelet-Rich Plasma, Corticosteroid, and Physical Therapy in Subacromial Impingement Syndrome.

Authors: Tuğçe Pasin, Safinaz Ataoglu, Özge Pasin, Handan Ankarali

Published: 2019

Conclusion: All three treatment modalities were effective in the treatment of SAIS. However, we suggest that the inexpensive and noninvasive methods of physical therapy and exercise should be the first preferred treatment in SAIS owing to causing no adverse events.

[21] Title: Leukocyte-Poor Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Bupivacaine for Recalcitrant Lateral Epicondylar Tendinopathy.

Authors: Behera P, Dhillon M, Aggarwal S, Marwaha N, Prakash M.

Published: 2015

Conclusion: Leukocyte-poor (type-4) PRP injection for recalcitrant LET enabled good improvement in pain and function.

[22] Title: Comparison of Local Injection of Platelet Rich Plasma and Cortico Steroids in the Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis of Humerus.

Authors: Raman Yadav, S Y Kothari, Diganta Borah

Published: 2015

Conclusion: PRP and methyl-prenisolone both are effective in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis. However, PRP is a superior treatment option for longer duration efficacy.

[25] Title: Platelet-Rich Plasma versus Corticosteroid Intra-Articular Injections for the Treatment of Trapeziometacarpal Arthritis: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Authors: Michael-Alexander Malahias, Leonidas Roumeliotis, Vasileios S. Nikolaou, Efstathios Chronopoulos, loannis Sourlas, Georgios C. Babis

Published: 2018

Conclusion: Abstract only

More publications:

Title: Return to Play After PRP and Rehabilitation of 3 Elite Ice Hockey Players With Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries of the Elbow.

Authors: Christopher L. McCrum, MD, Joanna Costello, MD, Kentaro Onishi, DO, Chris Stewart, LAT, ATC, MS, CES, and Dharmesh Vyas, MD, PhD

Published: 2018

Conclusion: The authors present 3 elite-level ice hockey players who sustained a high-grade injury to the UCL. Successful return to play was possible after nonoperative treatment with injection of autologous conditioned plasma at a mean 36 days following injury. Athletes who injure either the top or bottom hand can return to play at the same elite level following this injury.

[2] Title: Research Study: Comparison of EmCyte GS30-PurePRP II, EmCyte GS60-PurePRP II, Arteriocyte MAGELLAN, Stryker REGENKIT THT, and ECLIPSE PRP

Author: Robert Mandle, PhD

Published: 2016

Conclusion: -

[7] Title: Platelet-Rich Plasma, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America

Authors: Peter I-Kung Wu, MD, PhD, Robert Diaz, MD, Joanne Borg-Stein, MD

Published: 2016

Conclusion: -

[3] Title: A call for a standard classification system for future biologic research: the rationale for new PRP nomenclature.

Authors: Mautner, K., Malanga, G. A., Smith, J., Shiple, B., Ibrahim, V., Sampson, S., & Bowen, J. E.

Published: 2015

Conclusion: In the coming years, the applications of PRP to treat soft tissue and joint conditions will continue to expand. We believe that the science of PRP can only progress if minimal standards for reporting PRP are used. Consequently, we propose a new classification system that is easy to utilize and reflects the factors that appear to affect PRP properties based on the contemporary literature. Use of the PLRA classification system in combination with standards for reporting PRP treatments will allow clinicians and researchers to better interpret and synthesize published research as the search continues for the optimal platelet product for various orthopedic applications.

[4] Title: The impact of the centrifuge characteristics and centrifugation protocols on the cells, growth factors, and fibrin architecture of a leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) clot and membrane.

Authors: Dohan Ehrenfest, D. M., Pinto, N. R., Pereda, A., Jiménez, P., Corso, M. D., Kang, B. S., Nally, M., Lanata, N., Wang, H. L., & Quirynen, M.

Published: 2018

Conclusion: As a conclusion, it was clearly proven that the centrifuge characteristics and centrifugation protocols have a very significant impact on the cell, growth factors and fibrin architecture of a L-PRF clot and membrane and that any modification of the original L-PRF material and method shall be clearly investigated and identified separately from the original methods, in order to avoid to create confusion and inaccurate results in the literature

[18] Title: The Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Tendon and Ligament Healing: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Bias Assessment.

Authors: X Chen, IA Jones, C Park, CT Vangsness Jr

Published: 2008

Conclusion: This review shows that PRP may reduce the pain associated with lateral epicondylitis and rotator cuff pathology.

More publications:

Title: Effects of Platelet Rich Plasma on Healing Rate of Long Bone Non-Union Fractures: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial.

Authors: Fariborz Ghaffarpasand, Mostafa Shahrezaei, Maryam Dehghankhalili

Published: 2016

Conclusion: Application of PRP along with autologous bone graft in the site of non-union of long bone after intramedullary nailing or ORIF results in higher cure rate, shorter healing duration, lower limb shortening and less postoperative pain. Higher infection rate might be a complication of PRP application.

Title: Platelet-Rich Plasma: Evidence to Support Its Use

Author: Robert E. Marx, DDS

Published: 2004

Conclusion: -